HC/E/NZ 965
Nueva Zelanda
Primera Instancia
España
Nueva Zelanda
26 February 2008
Decisión confirmada en apelación
Cuestiones procesales
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The judge noted that where a litigant sought to revisit a finding on the basis of new evidence this had to be done by way of appeal. In the present case this was not the mother’s object, she wished to challenge the implementation of the order on the ground that an 8 month delay was not in keeping with the principle of summary return. The judge further noted that in the light of the terms of the return order, which did not specify a date by which return was to be effected and was not subject to a further order provision, he did not have jurisdiction, express or implied, under New Zealand law to set aside the order made. It was noted that a statutory power to this effect existed in Australia: Family Law (Child Abduction Convention) Regulations 1986, Reg 19A. Turning to the facts the judge held that whilst the mother had done enough to be seen as compliant, she had not made matters easy for the father. But in such circumstances it was for the father to invoke the assistance of the Court by obtaining directions to enforce a prompt return. The mother’s attitude did not excuse delay. Having made these findings the judge affirmed that had he had the jurisdiction he would have set aside the return order; a delay of 8 months was extreme and in the light of the other delays in the case it meant that it would no longer be in the best interests of the child to go back.
The ruling of the High Court was upheld by the Court of Appeal: Butler v. Craig [2008] NZCA 198.
Whilst rare there have been examples of left behind parents initiating proceedings only then to not to continue, or of left behind parents succeeding in obtaining a return order only then not to take steps to secure enforcement. The response to situations is governed by the procedural rules of the Member State concerned.
Failure to Continue With Application
United Kingdom - England & Wales
A left behind parent who filed a return petition but then waited 10 months before taking any further steps had the application struck out as an abuse of process.
Re G. (Abduction: Striking Out Application) [1995] 2 FLR 410, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 170].
Failure to Seek Enforcement of a Return Order
Australia
The Family Law (Child Abduction Convention) Regulations 1986, Reg 19A provides:
(1) If a court makes a return order, the responsible Central Authority, the Article 3 applicant or a respondent to the proceeding may apply to the court, in accordance with Form 2D, for the discharge of the order.
(2) The court may make an order discharging a return order, or a part of a return order, only if it is satisfied that:
(a) all the parties consent to the return order being discharged; or
(b) since the return order was made, circumstances have arisen that make it impracticable for the order to be carried out; or
(c) exceptional circumstances exist that justify the return order being discharged; or
(d) the day on which the application for the discharge of the return order was made is more than 1 year after the return order was made or any appeal in relation to the return order was determined.
New Zealand
In B. v. Secretary for Justice, 26 February 2008 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 965] the High Court (Christchurch) held that there was no jurisdiction under New Zealand law to strike out a return order where the left behind parent had failed to act to secure its enforcement. The judge held that had such jurisdiction existed he would have struck out the return order, as an 8 month delay was extreme.
The ruling of the High Court was upheld by the Court of Appeal: Butler v. Craig [2008] NZCA 198.
Le juge remarqua que lorsqu'un litigant cherche à revisiter une décision sur la base de nouvelles preuves, la voie de l'appel est ouverte. En l'espèce la mère voulait remettre en cause une ordonnance de retour au motif que 8 mois sans exécution étaient contraires au principe de retour immédiat. Le juge nota que les termes de l'ordonannce ne spécifiaient pas de date à laquelle le retour devait avoir lieu et qu'aucune décision n'était pendante sur ce point. Il ajouta que le droit néo-zélandais ne lui donnait pas compétence implicitement ou expressément pour déclarer caduque une ordonnance de retour. Il fut observé qu'une compétence similaire existait en droit australien dans la loi mettant en oeuvre la Convention :Family Law (Child Abduction Convention) Regulations 1986, Reg 19A. En l'espèce, le juge estima que si la mère avait fait ce qu'il fallait pour paraître de bonne foi, elle n'avait pas rendu les choses faciles pour le père. Toutefois, dans de telles circonstances il appartenait au père de demander l'assistance de la Cour afin d'obtenir une exécution rapide de l'ordonnance de retour. L'attitude de la mère n'excusait pas le retard. Ceci étant, le juge affirma que s'il en avait eu le pouvoir, il aurait déclaré l'ordonnance caduque: le retard de 8 mois était énorme et vu les autres retards pris dans l'affaire, on pouvait considérer qu'il n'était plus dans l'intérêt de l'enfant de rentrer à Tenerife.
La decision de la High Court a été confirmée par la Cour d'appel: Butler v. Craig [2008] NZCA 198.
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